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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants, which are the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD seem to regulate brain chemicals and increase their levels. They are not able to solve the problem and can only treat symptoms if taken regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication could include an increase in blood pressure and heart rate and stomach upset as well as anxiety and tics. Some teens and children who take stimulant medications notice a slight slowing in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous stimulant is the most commonly used drug used to treat ADHD. It comes in a variety of forms such as a chewable tablet, a liquid, a long-acting orally disintegrating tablet, and an extended release pill. The drug boosts the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This can help improve concentration. It can also help reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate is a proven treatment for ADHD in conjunction with other treatments, like behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters which remove these neurotransmitters normally from the brain. The medication can cause a slight increase in blood pressure and heart rate. People who suffer from diabetes should be aware of this medication as it could cause an abrupt rise in blood sugar. Consult your physician in the event that you notice any of these signs. Methylphenidate can also cause a condition known as Raynaud's phenomena, which causes numbness and discomfort in the fingers and toes. This is an uncommon side effect, however it is essential to notify your doctor if you have these symptoms. There are some who believe that methylphenidate can slow down children's growth. However, this has not been proved. If you have a child being treated with methylphenidate, be sure to keep track of the weight and height closely. If your child is on chewable tablets of methylphenidate, it contains phenylalanine, which is potentially dangerous for children who have the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). If you suffer from PKU consult your physician about other formulations of methylphenidate. Stimulants are the most popular medication for treating ADHD However, certain people are not able to use them. In these instances, doctors might prescribe another medication that works in a similar manner. Apart from methylphenidate there are other stimulants such as dexamfetamine and Lisdexamfetamine. These drugs are a little more powerful than methylphenidate and may last longer. The typical dosage is every day, either twice or three times however some individuals may be able to take them more often. Psychological treatments are also available for treating ADHD, but they are less likely to prove helpful than a stimulant. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also called Strattera and is a nonstimulant ADHD medication that improves concentration while reducing the impulsivity and hyperactivity. It belongs to a category called selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. It is a drug that increases levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers which regulate brain's activity. It is a preferred option for adults and children who prefer a different type of medication from stimulants like Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to know that atomoxetine does not work immediately. It may take up to 6 weeks before the effects of this drug are evident. You may also experience side effects such as drowsiness and nausea. For the majority of patients the benefits of taking atomoxetine are greater than any risk. The effectiveness of atomoxetine was confirmed in a multisite double-blind placebo-controlled trial with 297 ADHD patients aged 12 to 18. The participants were randomized to receive atomoxetine, a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo over 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group and the placebo group experienced a reduction in symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine group saw greater improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However the improvement was only modest (Michelson and co. 2001). In a second open trial that included 10 ADHD patients who did not respond to stimulants were given atomoxetine treatment for 8 weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvement in ADHD symptoms when compared to the placebo group with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version as well as the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale improving significantly. One patient was unable to continue treatment due to an eruption. Three patients also reported transient digestive symptoms, and one noticed an increase in fatigue. Consult your physician before you begin treatment with atomoxetine about your medical history, including any supplements or medications you're taking. This includes herbal remedies and other over-the-counter medicines. Discuss with your doctor whether any of the following conditions exist for narrow-angle glaucoma thyroid or adrenal gland tumor and high blood pressure heart disease or sudden death. Avoid atomoxetine as well in the event that you've taken an MAO inhibitor, such isocarboxazid or linezolid in the past 14 days, or rasagiline, Methylene Blue Injection, phenelzine, or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion, a nonstimulant, can help to improve ADHD symptoms. It can also reduce impulsivity and boost focus, though it does not affect the brain in the same way as stimulants. Only prescriptions are approved. Your doctor will determine the best dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets and capsules. It's important to take the medication as directed. If you stop taking it suddenly you may experience withdrawal symptoms. It's typically taken two or three times a day with a gap of 4-6 hours between each dose. The dosage can vary from 100 mg twice or three times a day up to 150 mg three or four times daily. The drug is absorbed by the digestive tract and eliminated into urine, which means that it cannot be absorbed into breast milk. However, it can be absorbed into the bloodstream and affect other organs. Bupropion increases blood pressure. It's important to monitor it frequently. Bupropion, in addition to improving ADHD symptoms it can also help reduce depression. It is also used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking the dopamine receptors that are located in your brain. This prevents the neurotransmitter dopamine from entering your brain, which can help stabilize your mood. Bupropion may interact with other drugs. Tell your doctor if you are taking any other medications. It's essential to let your doctor know if you have any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants because they can cause side effects to become worse. A number of studies have compared bupropion with placebos in adults with ADHD. These studies produced mixed results and were poorly conducted. A majority of these studies excluded people with psychiatric disorders co-morbidity. However, the evidence suggests that bupropion has a modest impact on ADHD. However it is necessary to conduct more research to identify positive outcomes for patients like improvements in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be created, it is necessary to have a better understanding of the molecular forms of ADHD. This requires a deeper understanding of the relationship between molecular pathways. It's also important to understand the way that anti-ADHD medications work in conjunction with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants are often prescribed by doctors when stimulants prescribed for children suffering from ADHD don't work or cause side effects. These medications, like imipramine and Nortriptyline (Aventyl and Pamelor) boost the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps people concentrate. These older medications can cause serious side consequences. They are typically used when other medications fail. The first option for antidepressants in depression is usually a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), such as fluoxetine, sertraline, or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants that have been around for a long time, can be used in certain situations. They are effective in treating pain caused by neuropathic or other however their antidepressant effect is not the same. They increase the potency of noradrenephrine by reducing its reuptake, and also act as antagonists of pain pathways within the spinal cord. SSRIs are less toxic and have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They're also safer in pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic in animals or humans. But they can have significant withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped. Your doctor might suggest gradually reducing the dose over a few weeks to reduce the effects. Bupropion, a popular antidepressant prescribed off-label to treat ADHD however, it is not FDA approved as a treatment for adhd. It is believed to work by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain to increase concentration. It also helps reduce anxiety and stress. It can be combined with stimulants for faster and longer-lasting results. There are medication for adults with add iampsychiatry.uk -approved non-stimulant ADHD medication, however many people have found relief through herbal remedies and supplements to their diets. A diet low on sugar and fat may also help reduce ADHD symptoms. Also, avoiding caffeine can also be helpful for some. It is essential to inform your doctor about all medications your child or you is taking, including prescription medications and herbal remedies. This will minimize unwanted side effects and help prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect people differently. It could take a bit of trial and error to find the right dosage and dose for your child or you.